Targioni Tozzetti, 1868
Appearance in life
Scale cover of adult female oval to elongate, usually with quite large 2nd instar exuviae located apically, occupying a large proportion of its area. Scale cover of immature male usually smaller and slightly elongate, with the exuviae at or near one end.
Morphology
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Adult female of a few species virtually pupillarial, but most not; body subcircular to broadly oval, membranous apart from rounded or rather triangular pygidium; median lobes never zygotic, always with a macroduct opening between them; second and third lobes uni-lobulate, each notched on the outer edge; fourth and fifth lobes each represented by an angular sclerotized process or replaced by a membranous, plate-like process. Plates never much longer than a lobe, broad, each with a single microduct, more or less fimbriate or serrate laterally, present between median lobes and in a continuous series around lateral margins as far forward as second abdominal segment, but tending to be reduced to duct tubercles anteriorly. Anus usually located near centre of pygidium. Dorsal macroducts short and broad, each usually with a sclerotized orifice with the axis of the opening parallel to the margin, not in any clear segmental arrangement, those on the pygidial margin larger than the others; submedian macroducts present or absent. Duct tubercles present on or absent from ventral submargin of prosoma; in some species, a small membranous derm pocket present between posterior spiracle and body margin; perivulvar pores present, usually in 4 groups.