Thiem and Gerneck, 1934
Appearance in life
Scale cover of adult female circular or subcircular, very flat, not pale; with central or subcentral exuviae. Scale cover of immature male similar to female but smaller, elongate-oval with subcentral exuviae.
Morphology
Adult female not pupillarial; body pyriform; prosoma membranous, pygidium with pattern of sclerotization. Prepygidial marginal spurs usually present. Pygidium with 3 pairs of well-developed unilobulate lobes; fourth lobes usually represented by sclerotized points; margin immediately anterior to fourth lobes usually somewhat sclerotized. Lobes usually parallel with longitudinal axis, graduated in size, usually with lateral notches on outer or both edges; median lobes each normally wider than long, heavily sclerotized. Second and third lobes well sclerotized; small paraphyses arising from bases of median to third lobes, between median lobes and median and second lobes, each paraphysis shorter than median lobe; paraphyses absent from anterior to third lobes. Plates as long as or slightly longer than lobes, those between the lobes usually fringed; 2 present between median lobes, 2 between median and second lobes, 3 between second and third lobes; about 4 present between third and fourth lobes; plates absent from anterior to fourth lobes. Anus oval, usually longer than median lobe, situated at about the posterior quarter of length of pygidium from its apex; vulva situated slightly anterior to centre of pygidium. Dorsal macroducts usually fairly long and quite slender; usually 1 marginal duct between median lobes, 1 between median and second lobes, 2 between second and third lobes, and 1 or 2 between third and fourth lobes on either side; submarginal ducts usually arranged in poriferous furrows or intersegmental series between segments VIII and VII, VII and VI, VI and V and sometimes V and IV on each side. Prepygidial marginal ducts present, often in marginal clusters on abdominal segments. Perivulvar pores present in 4-5 groups. Stigmatic disc pores absent; antennae situated fairly near mid-line, each bearing one seta and a sclerotized spur.